7 国際: 2016年3月アーカイブ
Authors:
Yuko ADACHI, Shinnosuke USUI, Etsuko NAKAGAMI-YAMAGUCHI,
Kumiko FUJINAGA, Kazunori NAKAMURA, Keunsik PARK and Tatsuya NAKATANI
Title:
Measuring Attitudes toward Nursing Safety Violations
Journal(書誌情報）:
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 122(1), pp.5-26
doi:
10.1177/0031512515627070
論文URL:
http://pms.sagepub.com/content/current
Abstract:
This study measured implicit and explicit
attitudes toward major nursing safety violations using the Implicit Association
Test (IAT) and self-reported questionnaires, respectively. Experiment 1 sampled
nursing students (n = 71), and Experiment 2 sampled patient safety nurses (n = 38).
Although reaction time to IAT stimuli of major nursing safety
violations was quicker than of general nursing behaviors, error trials did not
reveal a significant difference between IAT stimuli of major nursing safety
violations and of general nursing behaviors in Experiment 1. Explicit attitude
was related with intention to violate safety protocols in Experiment 1. In
Experiment 2, both reaction time and error trials showed significant differences
between IAT stimuli of major nursing safety violations and of general nursing
behaviors. This was interpreted in that patient safety nurses had formed a firm
implicit attitude, unlike the nursing students; however, the findings suggested
that attitudes were not related to violations in nursing.
著者Contact先の email:
yadachi@tokaigakuin-u.ac.jp
Yuko ADACHI, Shinnosuke USUI, Etsuko NAKAGAMI-YAMAGUCHI,
Kumiko FUJINAGA, Kazunori NAKAMURA, Keunsik PARK and Tatsuya NAKATANI
Title:
Measuring Attitudes toward Nursing Safety Violations
Journal(書誌情報）:
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 122(1), pp.5-26
doi:
10.1177/0031512515627070
論文URL:
http://pms.sagepub.com/content/current
Abstract:
This study measured implicit and explicit
attitudes toward major nursing safety violations using the Implicit Association
Test (IAT) and self-reported questionnaires, respectively. Experiment 1 sampled
nursing students (n = 71), and Experiment 2 sampled patient safety nurses (n = 38).
Although reaction time to IAT stimuli of major nursing safety
violations was quicker than of general nursing behaviors, error trials did not
reveal a significant difference between IAT stimuli of major nursing safety
violations and of general nursing behaviors in Experiment 1. Explicit attitude
was related with intention to violate safety protocols in Experiment 1. In
Experiment 2, both reaction time and error trials showed significant differences
between IAT stimuli of major nursing safety violations and of general nursing
behaviors. This was interpreted in that patient safety nurses had formed a firm
implicit attitude, unlike the nursing students; however, the findings suggested
that attitudes were not related to violations in nursing.
著者Contact先の email:
yadachi@tokaigakuin-u.ac.jp
Authors:
Tagai, K., Ohtaka, H., & Nittono, H.
Title:
Faces with light makeup are better recognized than faces with heavy makeup (ライトメークの顔はヘビーメークの顔よりも記憶に残る)
Journal(書誌情報）:
Frontiers in Psychology, 7:226
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00226
論文URL:
Abstract:
Many women wear facial makeup to accentuate their appeal and attractiveness. Makeup may vary from natural (light) to glamorous (heavy), depending of the context of interpersonal situations, an emphasis on femininity, and current societal makeup trends. This study examined how light makeup and heavy makeup influenced attractiveness ratings and facial recognition. In a rating task, 38 Japanese women assigned attractiveness ratings to 36 Japanese female faces with no makeup, light makeup, and heavy makeup (12 each). In a subsequent recognition task, the participants were presented with 36 old and 36 new faces. Results indicated that attractiveness was rated highest for the light makeup faces and lowest for the no makeup faces. In contrast, recognition performance was higher for the no makeup and light make up faces than for the heavy makeup faces. Faces with heavy makeup produced a higher rate of false recognition than did other faces, possibly because heavy makeup creates an impression of the style of makeup itself, rather than the individual wearing the makeup. The present study suggests that light makeup is preferable to heavy makeup in that light makeup does not interfere with individual recognition and gives beholders positive impressions.
著者Contact先の email:
keiko.tagai[at]to.shiseido.co.jp (互恵子), nittono[at]hiroshima-u.ac.jp (入戸野 宏)
日本語によるコメント:
化粧顔（メーキャップした顔）の再認記憶に関する研究です。日本人女性の顔写真36枚（素顔，ナチュラルなライトメーク，濃いヘビーメークの3種類，各12名）について魅力度判断を求めた後，抜き打ちの再認テストを行いました。魅力度の平均値は「ライトメーク＞ヘビーメーク＞素顔」でしたが，再認成績は「素顔＞ライトメーク＞ヘビーメーク」でした。信号検出理論に基づいて分析したところ，ヘビーメークは特に偽再認が多い（見たと答える判断基準が緩い）という結果が得られました。ライトメークは顔の個性を活かして魅力を高めるので記憶に残りやすいが，ヘビーメークは個人の特徴を消してしまいメーキャップそのものの印象が残ってしまうといえます。
