心理学コロキウム2024北海道大学

社会的知覚・注意の瞬き・真贋判断
https://sites.google.com/view/hcolloquium/

2024年4月26日(金) 13:00-15:15
北海道大学文学研究院主催
北海道大学百年記念会館大会議室
〒060-0809札幌市北区北9条西6丁目　札幌駅から徒歩9分
https://maps.app.goo.gl/Ckn3xkAzYgNAixRy5 (地図)

3名の研究者をお呼びして知覚心理学と認知心理学の研究についてご講演いただ
きます。
春の北海道でお楽しみください。皆様のお越しをお待ちしています。

Social perception and the action-observation method
James T. Enns
Professor and Distinguished University Scholar, University of British
Columbia

Everyday human interaction involves inferring people’s mental states, their intentions and future actions, by way of facial expression, body posture, eye gaze, and limb movements.
I will describe an iterative method for studying action production and action perception,
under the assumption that observers form predictive simulations to guide their behavior.
Some studies involve single actors performing tasks (e.g., the mental effort of visual search,
the kinematics of reaching, emotion perception while self-monitoring, gaze aversion during
conversation). Other studies involve actors working in collaboration (e.g., the perception of
jazz duets, collaborative visual search, moving furniture, joint exercise).

The Role of Brain Oscillations in the Attentional Blink
Kim Shapiro
Professor, Chair of Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Human Brain
Health and School of
Psychology, University of Birmingham

In recent years there has been an increasing drive to understand the role played by brain oscillations in human cognition. Neural oscillations are a plausible mechanism by which distributed brain areas can communicate in real time to support the spectrum of cognitive activity from stimulus representation to decision making.
My talk will focus on the role played by oscillations in different frequency bands to
facilitate attention by examining the phenomenon of the attentional blink.
Understanding the role of brain oscillations will be made increasingly possible by advances in
high-density EEG, MEG, transcranial electrical stimulation, and electrocorticography.

Knowing what’s real: The role of Attention in Banknote Authentication
Jane E. Raymond
Professor (Emeritus), University of Birmingham

How do people know the difference between genuine objects and counterfeit? What role
does visual attention play in authentication judgements? Recent studies from my lab
on how consumers authenticate banknotes have shed light on these questions. We found
that counterfeit is generally detected very quickly by the brain’s sensory processes,
but slower more cognitive processes involved in recognition of images, e.g., a portrait
on a banknote, often override the initial impression that a banknote is fake. We also
report that special print features that provide clear visual signals of authenticity can
dramatically improve counterfeit detection but only if these features quickly capture
fixation and provide simple, obvious cues that cannot be easily reproduced. These and
other related findings point to the general principle that authentication is based on object features that are tangential to object categorisation but are themselves easily identified. Such findings are currently being used to improve the design of banknotes and other products to improve security for consumers.

13:00-13:40 Enns Social perception and the action-observation method
13:45-14:25 Shapiro The role of brain oscillations in the attentional blink
14:30-15:10 Raymond Knowing what’s real: The role of attention in banknote Authentication

問い合わせ
河原純一郎　jkawa[at]let.hokudai.ac.jp（[at]を@に変更してください。）　
電話: 011-706-4154 (研究室)

登壇者紹介
James T. Enns,
Professor and Distinguished University Scholar, University of British
Columbia
ブリティッシュコロンビア大学心理学部教授。人間の視覚における注意の役割に
関する研究を中心に，
注意が意識の内容を変化させる方法や知覚が発達とともに変化する過程，そして
最適な人間のパフォ
ーマンスのための視覚ディスプレイの設計方法などの研究を行う。Journal of
Experimental Psychology:
Human Perception and Performanceの主編集者，Psychological Science，
Consciousness and Cognition，
Visual Cognition等の編集委員も務めている。

Kim Shapiro
Professor, Chair of Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Human Brain
Health and School of Psychology,
University of Birmingham
バーミンガム大学の心理学部および人間脳健康センターの認知神経科学の教授。
機能的イメージング，
脳波計および事象関連電位，脳磁気計，経頭蓋電流刺激など，幅広い神経科学的
アプローチとツールを
用いて，短期および長期記憶における注意の働きを研究している。本講演にも登
場するAttentional blink
(注意のまばたき)現象に関する最初期の論文をJane Raymondとともに発表してい
る。

Jane E. Raymond

Professor (Emeritus), University of Birmingham
バーミンガム大学心理学部教授，Secure Perception Research, Ltd.のディレク
ター兼創設者。人間が
複雑な視覚情報をどのように利用し応答するかに幅広い関心を持ち，ヒトの視知
覚や認知機能のメカニズ
ムを研究している。最近では政府紙幣発行機関や紙幣製造業者，紙幣デザイン組
織と共同研究を行い，
消費財の広告やグローバル企業の商標紛争，紙幣の信頼性の認識に関する問題に
取り組んでおり，2010年
にWPP/Googleマーケティングリサーチ賞を受賞している。