・Tsukasa Kimura, & Tomoya Kwashima

・Title: The influence of peripheral information on a proactive process during multitasking

・Journal(書誌情報）: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

・doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218231195198

・論文URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/17470218231195198

・Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine whether peripheral information facilitates proactive processes during multitasking. For this purpose, peripheral information was presented regularly during multitasking and its effects on the performance of a tracking task (main task: reactive process) and a discrimination task (sub-task: proactive process) were examined. Experiment 1 presented peripheral information (white circles) in the same sensory modality (visual) as the information used for multitasking and the number of circle presentations was manipulated. In Experiment 2, a pure tone (auditory) was presented as peripheral information. We found that, in both experiments, the difficulty of the tracking task influenced discrimination performance, showing that as the difficulty of the tracking task (reactive process) increased, more cognitive resources were consumed in the tracking task, resulting in a decrease in cognitive resources available for the discrimination task (proactive process). In addition, regular presentation of peripheral information facilitated discrimination task performance in both experiments. Interestingly, this peripheral information also facilitated the tracking task performance (reactive process) even if the tracking task was difficult. Moreover, this promoting effect of the peripheral information occurred regardless of the sensory modality. This study revealed that processing of peripheral information facilitates the proactive process even if more cognitive resources are consumed, and that this facilitating effect does not conflict with multitasking and provides a margin of cognitive resources and also facilitates the reactive process. Our results provide evidence of how peripheral information and cognitive resources are used during multitasking.

著者Contact先の email:
木村司（大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科：t-kimura.hus [at] osaka-u.ac.jp）（[at]を@に変えてください。）
川島朋也（金沢工業大学情報フロンティア学部心理科学科：kawashima-t [at] neptune.kanazawa-it.ac.jp）（[at]を@に変えてください。）

日本語によるコメント：
我々は環境内の情報を利用し先々のイベントへ備えることが可能です（プロアクティブ処理）．しかし，日常生活の中では複数の情報を並行して処理する必要があり，プロアクティブ処理だけでなく現在の行動に直接関係する情報処理（リアクティブ処理）も並行して行っています．このように，認知資源をより必要とするマルチタスク中でも周辺情報を利用し，これらの処理が促進されるかを調べました．実験の結果，周辺情報を繰り返し呈示することでプロアクティブ処理が促進され，さらにこの促進によって認知資源に余裕が生まれリアクティブ処理も促進されました．また，この効果は特定の感覚モダリティに限定されずに生じることが明らかとなりました．

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