Authors: Iwaki, N., Nara, T., & Tanaka, S. (岩木信喜・奈良友美・田中紗枝子)

Title: Does delayed corrective feedback enhance acquisition of correct
information?

Journal(書誌情報）: Acta Psychologica, 181, 2017, 75-81.

doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.10.005

論文URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691817301713

Abstract:

Many studies concerned with misinformation correction during learning report
that delayed corrective feedback is superior to immediate feedback. However,
the mechanism for this effect has not been confirmed. The
interference-perseveration theory predicts that immediate feedback following
participants’ wrong responses elicits proactive interference that
deteriorates acquisition of feedback information. In contrast, delayed
feedback following errors leads to participants’ forgetting these errors
during the delay period; consequently, in the latter, interference should
decline leading to superior acquisition of corrective information. However,
results of these studies have been inconsistent. The present study
manipulated whether initial errors were visually cued before feedback (no
error-cueing, error-cueing) along with the timing of the feedback
(immediate, delayed). The interference-perseveration theory predicts that
when errors are not cued, delayed feedback should result in superior
acquisition of correct information compared to immediate feedback. When
errors are cued, proactive interference should effect a deterioration in
acquisition of corrective feedback. Results confirmed neither of these
predictions, thus challenging the interference-perseveration hypothesis.
Moreover, additional analysis suggested that memory for errors has the
ability to enhance the retention of correct answers and it does not hinder
recall.

著者Contact先の email: Iwaki[at]iwate-u.ac.jp　（[at]を @ に変更してください。）

日本語によるコメント（オプション，200-300字で）

　学習者がテストを受けたとき、正答フィードバックはどのタイミングで与えるとそ
の記憶が定着しやすいのかという問題は、だいたい1960年代から検討が続けられてき
ました。実験室実験に限れば、正答フィードバックは回答直後よりも遅延させた方が
よいという結果が主流です。誤答に対する正答フィードバックを直後に与えると連合
理論でいういわゆる順行抑制が生じて正答の符号化が妨げられると考えられ、この理
論（interference-perseveration theory）が45年ほどたった現在でも影響力を持っ
ています。本実験は、この理論に対する反証データを提出し、それに代わる考え方を
示唆しました。

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