京都大学デザイン学大学院連携プログラム
第14回京大デザイン心理学講演会

Jonathan Smallwood, Beth Jefferies講演会

英国ヨーク大学のJonathan Smallwood博士と Beth Jefferies博士にご講演いた
だくことになりましたのでご案内申し上げます。Smallwood博士は同大学心理学
部のReaderで、マインドワンダリングに関する研究で世界をリードする研究者で
す。Jefferies教授は、意味記憶・認知に関する神経心理学的・神経科学的研究
を進めておられます。今回のご講演では、それぞれの研究グループの近年の研究
成果をご紹介いただきます。どうぞお気軽にご参加ください。講演と質疑応答は
英語で行われます。

日時：2016年4月4日（月）13:30～16:30
場所：京都大学教育学研究科　本館１階第一会議室
http://www.educ.kyoto-u.ac.jp/visitors/acces/

13:30～15:00　
Speaker: Jonathan Smallwood (University of York)
Title: Escaping the here and now: towards a component process account of
the role of the default mode network in human cognition
Abstract: The last decade of research has implicated the default mode
network (DMN) in an eclectic mix of clinical conditions, mental states
and cognitive processes, raising the question as to why a single neural
system should be linked to such a wide range of different outcomes. This
talk summarizes a set of studies functional and resting state
investigations that explore the role that the core of the DMN, as well
as the associated subsystems, play in human cognition. It will focus on
the hypothesis that the core of the DMN - the medial prefrontal cortex
and the posterior cingulate cortex - play complementary roles that
together support the integration of information that is represented by
the subsystems of this network (e.g. the anterior temporal lobe and the
hippocampus). It will be suggested that this process of flexible
integration is important whenever cognition cannot proceed simply on the
basis of immediate perceptual input, a hypothesis that explains why the
core of!
the DMN has been identified in such wide variety of different
neurocognitive states.

15:00～16:30
Speaker: Beth Jefferies (University of York)
Title: The components of semantic cognition: Evidence from
neuropsychology, neuroimaging and brain stimulation
Abstract: Our neuropsychological research has contrasted degradation of
amodal knowledge following atrophy of the anterior temporal lobes (ATL)
in semantic dementia (SD), with poor control of semantic retrieval
following frontoparietal stroke in semantic aphasia (SA). This
dissociation between knowledge representation (in ATL) and controlled
retrieval processes (in left prefrontal cortex) is well-established in
the literature but controversy remains about the contribution of
posterior temporal and inferior parietal regions to semantic cognition.
These regions could contribute to networks supporting automatic and
controlled retrieval respectively; however, an alternative
interpretation of this dissociation (the "two hubs" hypothesis) is that
ATL captures knowledge of object identity, while temporoparietal cortex
captures thematic associations (impaired in patients with SA). I will
present some recent neuropsychological, TMS, fMRI and MEG evidence
consistent with!
the first of these two views.

世話人：
神谷之康（京都大学大学院 情報学研究科）
齊藤　智（京都大学大学院 教育学研究科）

本講演会は、科学研究費補助金 基盤研究（S）「心的イメージの神経基盤の解
明」（研究代表者：神谷之康、15H05710）、および、博士課程教育リーディング
プログラム「デザイン学大学院連携プログラム」の助成を受けています。