Authors: Tsukasa Kimura, & Tomoya Kawashima

Title: Dual attentional processing of task-irrelevant information

Journal(書誌情報）: Acta Psychologica

doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105275

論文URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001691825005888

Abstract:
Previous studies have demonstrated that repeated and regular presentations of task-irrelevant environmental stimuli enhance temporal prediction of subsequent events. However, the specific influence of such information processing at both the stimulus and contextual levels on temporal prediction remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the cognitive processing of task-irrelevant information by investigating how a stimulus that deviates from a sequence of repeated task-irrelevant stimuli is processed. To achieve this, we repeatedly presented three task-irrelevant stimuli before a discrimination task, manipulating whether the second stimulus’ color deviated, and examined ERPs elicited by the target in the discrimination task as well as by task-irrelevant and deviant stimuli. In fixed and standard trials without deviations, CNV amplitudes for task-irrelevant stimuli increased just before the target stimulus, while P3a was absent. In deviant trials, CNV amplitude remained unchanged, whereas P3a amplitudes elicited by deviant and post-deviant stimuli increased compared to fixed and standard trials. Reaction times were shortest in fixed trials, followed by standard and deviant trials. These findings suggest that task-irrelevant information is processed through dual mechanisms: a stimulus-level process that responds to changes in task-irrelevant stimuli and a contextual-level process that regulates the allocation of attentional resources to such stimuli.

著者Contact先の email:
木村司（大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科：t-kimura.hus [at] osaka-u.ac.jp）（[at]を@に変更してください。）
川島朋也（金沢工業大学メディア情報学部心理情報デザイン学科：kawashima-t [at] neptune.kanazawa-it.ac.jp）（[at]を@に変更してください。）

日本語によるコメント（オプション，200-300字で）
我々は現在取り組んでいる課題と関連がない刺激であっても，その刺激が繰り返されることで，先々で起こる出来事の予測に利用することが可能です．しかし，これらの刺激が刺激レベル（繰り返される個別の刺激）と文脈レベル（繰り返される刺激パターン）のどちらで処理されるかは不明です．本研究は，繰り返される課題無関連な刺激から逸脱した刺激の処理をERPによって調べ，課題無関連情報の認知処理を解明することを目的としました．実験の結果，刺激の繰り返しによりCNVが変化し，さらに逸脱刺激ではP3aが惹起しました．この結果から課題に無関係な情報処理が刺激レベルと文脈レベルの二重メカニズムによって処理されることが明らかになりました．

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