国際ジャーナルへの論文掲載情報

Authors：Inui, T., Kumagaya, S and Myowa-Yamakoshi, M.

Title：Neurodevelopmental hypothesis about the etiology of autism spectrum disorders.

Journal(書誌情報）： Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

doi：10.3389/fnhum.2017.00354

論文URL：https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Neurodevelopmental+
hypothesis+about+the+etiology+of+autism+spectrum+disorders.

Abstract：
Previous models or hypotheses of autism spectral disorder (ASD) failed to take into full consideration the chronological and causal developmental trajectory, leading to the emergence of diverse phenotypes  through a complex interaction between individual etiologies and environmental factors. Those phenotypes include persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction (criteria A in DSM-5), and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities (criteria B in DSM-5). In this article, we proposed a domain-general model that can explain criteria in DSM-5 based on the assumption that the same etiological mechanism would trigger the various phenotypes observed in different individuals with ASD. In the model, we assumed the  following joint causes as the etiology of autism: (1) Hypoplasia of the  pons in the brainstem, occurring immediately following neural tube  closure; and (2) Deficiency in the GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) developmental switch during the perinatal period. Microstructural abnormalities of the pons directly affect both the structural and functional development of the brain areas strongly connected to it, especially amygdala. The impairment of GABA switch could not only lead to the deterioration of inhibitory processing in the neural network, but  could also cause abnormal cytoarchitecture. We introduced a perspective  that atypical development in both brain structure and function can give  full explanation of diverse phenotypes and pathogenetic mechanism of  ASD. Finally, we discussed about neural mechanisms underlying the  phenotypic characteristics of ASD that are not described in DSM-5 but  should be considered as important foundation: sleep, global precedence,  categorical perception, intelligence, interoception and motor control.

著者Contact先の email：meitz100[at]fork.ocn.ne.jp（[at]を@に変更してください。）