国際ジャーナル掲載情報の投稿
Authors: Ryoma Yamada, Yukio Itsukushima, Tanjeem Azad, & D. Stephen Lindsay
Title: Schema Provoke False
Knowing Even When Schema-Consistent Targets Had Not Been Presented
Journal(書誌情報）: International Journal of Psychological Studies, Volume 6, No 3,
pages 62-70, September 2014
doi: 10.5539/ijps.v6n3p62
pages 62-70, September 2014
doi: 10.5539/ijps.v6n3p62
論文URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v6n3p62
Abstract:
Human memory is not always an accurate record of experienced events. Information that has never been
experienced but is consistent with a relevant schema is sometimes mistaken as memory, giving rise to false
memories. In this study, we focused on whether schema can provoke false memory for actions and for objects
even when schema-consistent targets had not been presented. We presented schema-inconsistent actions and
schema-inconsistent objects in a slide sequence depicting a kitchen. Later, we administered an old/new
recognition test with remember/know judgments and Perception/Thought/Emotion/Context ratings for
schema-inconsistent targets, schema-consistent distracters, and schema-inconsistent distracters. Both for the
actions and the objects, participants more often falsely recognized schema-consistent distracters than
schema-inconsistent distracters. That is, memory can be reconstructed along the scene schema, provoking false
memory. However, these false memories were not typically accompanied by "remember" judgments but rather
by "know" judgments. The similarity between schema-consistent targets and schema-consistent distracters is an
essential factor for false recollection.
experienced but is consistent with a relevant schema is sometimes mistaken as memory, giving rise to false
memories. In this study, we focused on whether schema can provoke false memory for actions and for objects
even when schema-consistent targets had not been presented. We presented schema-inconsistent actions and
schema-inconsistent objects in a slide sequence depicting a kitchen. Later, we administered an old/new
recognition test with remember/know judgments and Perception/Thought/Emotion/Context ratings for
schema-inconsistent targets, schema-consistent distracters, and schema-inconsistent distracters. Both for the
actions and the objects, participants more often falsely recognized schema-consistent distracters than
schema-inconsistent distracters. That is, memory can be reconstructed along the scene schema, provoking false
memory. However, these false memories were not typically accompanied by "remember" judgments but rather
by "know" judgments. The similarity between schema-consistent targets and schema-consistent distracters is an
essential factor for false recollection.
日本語によるコメント:
特定の場所の記憶について，その場所のスキーマに一致する項目が全く提示されていなかった場合でも，スキーマに一致する形で偽記憶が生じるかを検討した。具体的には，スキーマに一致しない行為と物品を提示し，その再認成績と想起意識を比較検討した。
結果，行為でも物品でも，スキーマに一致する妨害刺激に対して虚再認が生じていたが，特に物品で顕著であった。
スキーマに一致する項目が提示されなくとも，その場所のレイアウトによってスキーマが活性化し，虚偽記憶を生じさせると考えられる。
ただし，虚回想には至らなかった。虚回想が生じるには，ターゲットと妨害刺激の類似性が必要と
考えられる。
