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白鷗大学教育学部 神戸文朗 Perception, 2013, volume 42, pages 849-872 doi:10.1068/p7497 On the generality of the topological theory of visual shape perception Fumio Kanbe Faculty of Education, Hakuoh University, 1117 Daigyoji, Oyama, Tochigi 323-8585, Japan; e‑mail: kanbe@fc.hakuoh.ac.jp Received 27 March 2013, in revised form 26 August 2013 Abstract. This study used a series of six closely related experiments to examine whether individuals use topological structures to discriminate figures. Strict control was exerted over the selection of stimuli, which were a specific type of randomly generated lined figures that can be classified using isomorphic sets defined by graph theory. Any two figures within an isomorphic set possessed the same topological structure. The experiments described here used a same/different discrimination task with simultaneously presented pairs of figures: (a) identical pairs (Id pairs), in which each pair of figures had the same topological and superficial properties; (b) nonidentical and isomorphic pairs (Iso pairs), in which each pair had the same topological but different superficial properties; and (c) nonidentical and nonisomorphic pairs (Noniso pairs), in which each pair had different topological properties. Within these experiments I varied the conditions related to the intersecting line segments, presentation of points defining each figure, figure complexity, stimulus aspect ratios, and the parity of the total line-segment lengths between the figures in each pair. These variations showed that the latencies for making accurate discriminations were shorter for Noniso pairs than for Iso pairs, suggesting that individuals are sensitive to topology when distinguishing figures. Keywords: topology, isomorphism, graph invariants, same/different task

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